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Causes of bee loss (Anthophila) in the landscape
Bureš, Vít ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Tropek, Robert (referee)
Bees (Anthophila) are one of the most important pollinators in the majority of Earth's biotopes. They interact with almost one-fifth of flowering plants and together with other pollinators they secure one- third of human food sources. Since the end of World war II,along-term decrease in numbers of bees and other insects is observed due to degradation of natural habitats, expansion of agriculture, pesticide usage, parasites, and infections. In North America and Europe, several studies reported a significant loss of bee diversity and abundance. The situation in tropics is unclear and there is not enough evidence if bees are threatened there. Specific changes in relation to the decrease of the bee population are observed in the case of honey bee (Apis mellifera). Due to human beekeeping activities and specific honey bee attributes such as bigger body size or tolerance to lower temperature, honey bees show different trends in their abundance than other bees. This study discusses the causes of these losses and possible future consequences, for example, the collapse of ecosystems as a result of pollination crisis or lack of human food. On the other hand, several phenomena such as extensive agriculture, green cities, or wildfires have a positive impact on bee abundance and diversity. This thesis presents...
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LOST LANDSCAPES OF CENTRAL BOHEMIA: EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN LAND USE AND LANSCAPE STRUCTURE
Mór, Jiří ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Štych, Přemysl (referee)
This thesis deals with land use and land cover changes in two geographically close areas - - "Milovicko" and "Rožďalovicko". The thesis's main goal was to analyze land use / land cover changes between years 1836 and 2019 in the surroundings of Milovice town, where the military area called "Milovice - Mladá" was established in 1904 and dissolved in 1991, and in intensively-used agricultural area around small town Rožďalovice. The evaluation was mainly based on vectorized maps of so called Stable cadastre and on the data of current cadastre. Another goal was to analyze the development of landscape structure in surroundings of Rožďalovice, also between years 1836 and 2019. We aimed also to answer the question, if parcels of arable land in the stable cadastre could be considered as patches in the landscape mosaic. Based on three types of satellite data (PlanetScope, Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8) it was analyzed, how much landscape metrics and a description of landscape structure change in dependency on spatial resolution of remote sensing data. Satellite images from June 2019 were classified and then the landscape metrics, which characterized landscape structure, were calculated. Development of land use in Milovice surroundings differs from the trends of development of other (post)military areas as classes...
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Péče obyvatel obce Kobeřice u Brna o krajinu
Melichárek, Pavel
This diploma thesis deals with the care taking of the landscape by the inhabitants of village Kobeřice u Brna. Landscape, care taking of the landscape, rural area and rural sociology were described in detail. Qualitative research was performed by interviews which determine the care taking of the inhabitants on the landscape in the past, present and its changes. Data analysis was performed on the land use in the cadastral area of interest and was compared with years 1845, 1900, 1948, 1990, 2000 and 2016. Coefficients of ecological stability were calculated using two methods which were compared. Also field research was performed using current aerial imagery, historical maps and its changes were superimposed into maps. The results and the changes in the cadastral area of interest were compared and described. Stated hypotheses and changes in the care taking of the landscape by the inhabitants of village Kobeřice u Brna were confirmed by using selected methods.
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The historical evolution of the landscape of South Bohemia
RUBÁŠOVÁ, Petra
The topic of this thesis is The historical evolution of the landscape of South Bohemia. The objective of the study was to describe the landscape since Witigonen to events in the year 1989. In the beginning is landscape characterized during Witigonen age and especially colonization and development of the monasteries and city of Ceske Budejovice. Further the thesis has moved to the Rosenberg age, when the most important point has become building fishponds. During Eggenberg and Buquoy time the glassmaking increase and national nature reserve Zofin forest was founded. A great contribution was during the government of Schwarzenberg. Representatives of the family brought a great contribution to the agriculture but the biggest benefit was the drainage pipe system, the very first in the Bohemia. The landscape after the Second World War was in name of colonization. The main intervention was building the Vltava cascade. After the 1989 the agriculture is decreasing and on the other hand the agglomerations are growing bigger. The Natural Park Sumava was established.
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